menge



no Model.) 6 Shets-8heet 1.

- B. J. M. MENGE.

LAMP.

No; 373,083; Patnted Nov. 15,1887.

1 until W II'NE ss-Es v I :r r 2 INVEN'IOR N PETERS. Phmouhn m ner, wami um n. c.

Bil M MENGE'. -6 Shets-Sheet' 2.

(No Model.)

LAMB,

Patented Nov. 15,1887.

H ,v F h z. w r//// I w- A H a v 94,

. Y //A/////. v!//////A v IN VEN'IOR Nv PETERS, Phalo-Lithogmphur, Wzihinsidn. l1 0.

(NbModeL) e Sheets-Shet 3.

.B. J M. MENGE.

' LAMP. No. 373,083. Patented Nov. 15, 1887.

(No Model.) 6 s eet's sheet 4; B. J. M. MENGE'.

.LAMP..

No. 373,083. Patented Nov. 15, 1887.

F5. 1 5. I IIIIIIM N. PETERS. Phclwlflhographur. Wanmgtan, 01c

(No Model.) Sheets-Sheet 5.

B. J. M. MENGE.

LAMP.

No. 373,083. Patented Nov. 15,-1887.

(No Model.) 6 Shts-Sheet 6.

' B.'J. M. MENGE.

LAMP.

No. 373,083. Patented Novg'ls, 1887-.

W ITNESSESI- INVEN'IQR UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BERNARD Jos. M. MENGE, on CINCINNATI, onto.

LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 373,083, dated November 15, 1.887.

Application filed May 29, 1886. Serial No. 203,616. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, BERNARD Josnrn M. MENGE, of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Lamps, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a perspective view of my improved lamp; Fig. 2, a vertical central section of the same; Fig. 3. a plan view of the top of the external case; Fig. 4, a plan view of the lamp-top, Fig. 5, a plan view through line X of Fig. 2; Fig. 6, a plan view through line Y of Fig. 2; Fig. 7, a front View of the movement removed from the casing; Fig. 8, a view from the rear side of the movement; Fig. 9, an un- (ler central view; Fig. 10, an enlarged perspective view of the snuffers; Fig. 11, a plan view of the supplementary lamp-plate; Fig. 12, a central viewof the same; Fig. 13, an enlarged sectional view of one of the tubes and cap.

My invention relates to an improvement in lamps, consisting of an automatic oil-heating, oil-feeding,Wick-raising,Wick-trimming,wickcrust-removing, airsupplying, and light-regulating lamp, so disposed as to use vegetable or similar oils, which necessitates constructing it in suchamanner thatit willprove an automatic oil-heating device; hence the reservoirs containing the oil are placed directly above the light, with a funnel passing through the reservoirnearthecentral part, to assistin circulating the heat, the flow of heat being regulated by the damper at the upper part of the reservoir, so that in accordance with the season or climate more or less heat can be'retained within the-globe surrounding the whole apparatus, and the heat thus retained circulates around and pervades all parts of the lamp, keeping the oil in the lamp always in a liquid state.

The device is provided with oil and air tubes. the first connecting with a faucet having an air-tight packing-box provided with a shaft extending down to the faucet within, and with dial-plate and fingers at the upper end of the reservoir, for the purpose of shutting off the flow of the oil when necessary, the lower end of the said tube extending to the bottom of the lamp-vase, so that the oil newly entering into the vase shall continually press upward the oil already in the vase, thus acting as an automatic oil-feeding lamp and always keepingthe oil fresh and preventing settling. Rearwardly the device is provided with a without this provision, all of which will now be fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents anenveloping glass case provided at its upper part with a metal top, B, having a hinged lid, 0, therein, with an aperture, D, near one side for the escape of the heat and gas from the lamp. This glass case is perforated at a, near the lower end, and is of such a size in connection with the lid 0 that the lamp E may be easily placed within or removed therefrom, as desired, by means of the handle F, as shown in Fig. 4;. i

The lamp'E consists of two principal parts, the upper containing the reservoir G and the .lower containing the vase and movement.

The entire device is rotated on a central pivotal point, h, within the upturned and perforated parti of the metal catch-basin I. The lower end of this point is screw-threaded, and over this the nut H fits. Thus the device is capable of being freely rotated on this pivoted point, as may be desired. This part h may be made integral with the lower plate, 2, of the revoluble part, or it may be a part of the supplemental piece 3, which passes from side to side under the bottom and is secured thereto by set-screws 4. 4 at each side of the plate 2.

Forwardly the lower part of the device is provided with an oil-vase, J and immediately in the rear, within a separate case, is a movement, K.

The upper and lower parts of the device, as alreadyshown, consists of two principal parts, the lower having the oil-vase and movement for operating the same, while the upper contains the reservoir G. These two parts are connected by means of oppositely-disposed oil and air tubes L and M. For convenience of construction, these two parts are detachable by means of the set-screws N, thus permitting the removal of the lower ends of these tubes from sockets at the upper part of the vase. The forward part of the reservoir has a vertical flue,O, therein, immediately over the stem of the lamp-vase, with adamper,P,atits upper part, by means of which the gas from the jet may be regulated in its passage through the said reservoir. This damper comes directly under the opening 1? in the cover or lid C, and so can allow the products of combustion to pass off. The oil within the reservoir E thus surrounds the flue O, and as the said fine is heated while the lamp is in operation the oil will always be in a iluid state, and thus pre vent freezing. The chief advantage of the damper is to control the amount of heat that shall be directed upon the inside of the reservoir. I11 warm weather the damper can be kept wide open. So, also, when a lamp is always plaeed in a warm room; but when used in a cold room or in cold weather it will be necessary to place the damper at such a suitable incline as will insure the greatest amount of heat inside the reservoir, and also to keep it carefully regulated.

Rearwardly the top of the reservoir is provided with an opening and cap P thereon for the introduction of the oil into the reservoir. A vertical tube, M, forming one of the supports of the reservoir, extending from the reservoir E downwardly, passing into the vase J, terminates near the bottom of the said vase, so that the oil may pass downwardly into the said vase. The upper end of this tube has a faucet, Q, having a stem, R, passing through the said reservoir, and having at its upper end outwardly a dial-finger, S, so disposed as to be rotatable on thcgraduated face-plateT, as shown in Fig. +t, so that the said faucet within the upper end of the oil-tube may be entirely closed when necessary or desirable. Oppositely to this tube M is the tube L, already shown, supporting the reservoir, which passes upwardly through the reservoir E, terminatiig just within the upper part in a cap, L, having a cone-top with a very small opening, I, centrally therein, (see Fig. 13,) for the passage of the air therefrom. Thelower endpassing down,couueets with a bulb, N, in the vase J, forming an air-pipe. The small aperture at its upper end is intended to restrain too great flow and pressure of the air on the oil and keep the air back in the tube to be properly heated and thereby expanded before en tering into the reservoir. Thus an overflow of the vase is avoided. The cap on the top of this tube is inclined toward the sides, in order that the oil may not collect there and close up the Opening. The wide bulb below does not permit the tube to be easily stopped up, and permits the air to flow more freely into it, and hence the feeding of the oil will be more frequent, regular, and effectual. In this connection I desire to state that the lamp-vase has a special addition at the rear, and thus no room is lost 0utside,as the tubesare brought as close as possible to the light and space gained for the oil to additionally facilitate the action of the air. Inwardly from these vertical tubes L and M are tubcsV and \V, open at their upper ends. These tubes extend but a slight distance into the vase beneath the top. A second tube, \V, beneath the tube \V, extends entirely down through the vase and opens at the lower end directly into the catch-basin. This is used as a surplus or overflow pipe in case too much oil should be fed into the vase.

The movement K, rearwardly within the device, is provided with a main spring, a, and a supplementary spring, a. The main spring a connects with a balance-wheel, b, by means of a train of wheels, I), the last pinion of the series engaging directly with the large spurwheel 0 upon the spring-stem c. This spurwheel 0 is provided laterally with a ratchetwheel, (I, somewhat smaller, which in turn cugages with a tappet. d. The opposite supplementary spring. a, has a spur-wheel, c, on the stem 6. This spur-wheel e engages with a pinion, f, on the shaft carrying the tappet d. The shaft, f, carrying this tappct, is also provided with a small pinion, g, which in turn engages with a correspondingpinion, g, on ashort shaft above this pinion, the said shaft beingjournaled forwardly through the frame h of the case, and has a wheel, 1 on its forward end provided with oppositely-disposed peripheral tappets 1', while the disk is providcd with two projecting lugs, j.

The wheels [j g and i have an intermittent motion, and the tappets i are so disposed as to engage with a spur-wheel, k, rearwardly on the end of the horizontal shaft is, the said shaft being journaled through and into the oil-vase J, while the lugs j engage with the opposite members of the pair of snufters disposed forwardly on the lamp-vase, which will be hereinafter described. The shaft It extends through a paekingbox, which is so constructed that the oil may not seep through. The inner end of this shaft is provided with a star-wheel, Z, in close conjunction with the wick-stem l, centrally disposed within the lamp and extending out through the top 021, thus corresponding with the movements of the wheels (1, i, and j, the shaft k and spurwheel Z having an intermittent motion. This spur-wheel, engaging with the wick within the stem 1, automatically raises the wick at intervals. In order to facilitate the raising of the wick and preventing its binding against the opposite side of the stem from the starwheel, I provide a groove and milled wheel,m.

Above the lamp-vase J rearwardly I provide a disk, a, Fig. 5, having at its upper part the stem at, Fig. 10, resting within a square socket, the said disk provided at its upper face with a vertical pin, 0, by means of which the said disk and stem may be readily detached. The upper face of this disk is also provided with a pair of snuffers, 0, operating independently of each other, one of them having rearwardly an upwardly-projecting lug, 19, while the other has a downwardly-projecting lug, 19', Fig. 10. These lugs are so disposed that the lugs j on the forward face of the wheel 6 will engage therewith at every revolution. Forward] y the snuffers have cuttingedges q, with laterally-inclined faces 0", so disposed that when the snuffers come together and clip the wick the coal may be thrown out laterally by the return movement of the snutfers. In order that the forward or clipping edges of the snuffers may be diverged, I provide a U-shaped spring, q, Fig. 10, con necting at its forward end beneath the opposite members of the snuffers, while rearwardly it passes around the disk n, resting within the groove 1'.

Immediately over the lamp-stem is a'supplcmentary cover, 8, as shown in Fig. 11, composed of two plates hinged forwardly, and with a small spiral spring, t, between the wings 25, so as to keep the plates close together. A perforation, u, is placed centrally therein, so as to receive the stem Z, while rearwardly is an opening, a, to receive the stern n beneath the snufi'er-disk'n. Thus when dirt and material is dropped upon the top of the vase it may be readily removed by simply detaching this plate from its position,

The wick within the vase extending up through the stem 1 being supplied with oil is lighted and the movementputin operation. At intervals of two hours or so, the spur-wheel d, being rotated sufficiently, permits the tappet d to make a half-revolution, caused by the supplementary spring a operating on the shaftf carrying this tappet. The opposite arm of this tappet then engages with the succeeding cog of the spur-wheel d. At each half-revolution of the shaft f the wheels 9 and g also make half-revolutions, causing the lugs j to engage with the rear part of the snuft'er-arms, and thus snuff the wick, while at the same the tappet t" on the wheel i, engaging with the spurwheel j, rotates the stauwheel Z and raises the wick. Thus as fast as the wick is burned it is automatically snuffed and turned up intermittently. The reservoir G is supplied with oil through the opening P, and the said reservoir, containing oil, being placed directly above the light, with the funnel D passing directly through the said reservoir and the heat from the lamp regulated by the damper P on the upper side of the reservoir. The oil passes down through the tube M into the vase J, while the air passes through the tube L, the small aperture at the upper end restraining too great flow and pressure of the air on the oil, in order to keep the air back into the tube and be thereby expanded before passing into the reservoir.

As will be noticed, the lower part of the reservoir is made cone-shaped, preferably at an angle of about 45 degrees, and the lamp being placed immediately beneath the reservoir centrally this cone-shaped portion of the lamp acts as a reflector, th as increasing the efficiency of the lamp as an illuminator. It will also be noticed that by the peculiar construction of the device, as above described, the catch-basin for holding the overflow of oil is entirely beneath the wick-vase and wholly covered by the lower plate, 2, under the wick-vase. By this arrangement of parts there is no danger of exposing the contents of the wick-vase to chance ignition. 7

Having described my invention,whatIclaim as new is- 1. In a lamp, the combination of a wick trimmer or snuifer, each limb of which is pivoted independently of the other, with the wickvase,thewick-raisingmechanism,andthewicktube, wherebysaid snuffer is placed in convenient relation to the wick to trim it, substantially as shown and described.

2. A lamp having a wick trimming de vice composed of two independently-pivoted limbs, one having an upwardly'projecting lug and the other having a downwardly-projecting lug, combined with an escapement and ratchet-wheel having corresponding lugs, and with the wick-tube, whereby said trimmer is operated at regular intervals, substantially as shown and described. 7

3. In a lamp, atrimming deviceconsistingot two members, each pivoted independently of the other and at'the rear of the lamp-case, and

combined with a spring, whereby the forward ends are diverged or separated, and with the wick-vase and wicktube, and with a shaft connected with operating mechanism, where by said trimmer will be operated intermittingly at regular intervals to trim the lamp, substantially as shown and described. 4:. A lamp having an oil-reservoir in the upper part, an oil-supply'tube and an air-tube connecting with the wick-vase, and an oiloverflow pipe, and a catclrbasin at end of said pipe, whereby any excess of oil can be automatically removed, substantially as described.

5. A lamp provided with an oil-reservoir, a wick-vase, and a wick-tube, combined with an escapenient and with a wick-trimming device located to operate on this wick, whereby the wick can be automatically moved and trimmed,

said reservoir, wick-vase, and escapement being each independent and detachable.

6. The combination, with a lamp-wiok tube, of a pair of snuffers operated by mechanism, as described, each member of said snufters being pivoted independently and each having inclined cutting faces, whereby, when said snuffers are moved by said mechanism, the wick-crust will be thrown laterally from them, substantially as described.

7. A. lamp composed of the upper oil-reservoir and the wick-vase beneath, and the oil and air pipes connecting the two, and the overflow-pipe combined and pivoted in a catchbasin, substantially in the manner and for the purposes described.

8. In combination with the lamp E, oil-pipe M, air-pipe L, and wick-vase J, the basin I, upturned and perforated in the center, whereby said lamp is pivoted in and is movable upon the pivotal point It within said basin, substan" tially as described.

9. In combination with the wiek-vase and its wick-tube, the wick-trimming device, as described, and the detachable metal pieces S, connected together by a spring-hinge, whereby the wick crust, when detached, can be easily removed.

10. The combination of a wick'tube, Z, the grooved wheel in, the star-wheel Z, the pack.- ing-box It, the shaft 7:, spur-wheel j, and the wick-vase, with the mechanical movement, as described, whereby the star-wheel and the shalt may be rotated at regular intervals, sub stantially as described.

11. The combination of the oil'reservoir, the wick-vase, the air and oil tubes L and M, with the overflow-tube W, andthe cateh'basin I, substantially as described.

12. In a lamp, a wick-trimming device coir sisting o'ttwo members, each member pivoted independently of the other and the two spread apart by a spring, combined with the operating mechanism and with the wick-tube, substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth. I

13. The combination of the reservoir G and tube L, provided at its upper end with a perforated conetop and terminating at its lower end in a vase with a bulb, with a supplementary tube, M, having the regulating-stem R and diatfinger S, said tube extending to the lower part of the vase. so that the oil may be regulated in its discharge from the reservoir G, substantially as herein set forth.

1.4. The combination ofthe reservoir G and tube L, provided at its upper end with a per forated cone top and terminating at its lower end in a vase with a bulb, the supplementary tube M, having the regulating-stem R and dial-finger S, said tube extending to the lower part of the vase, substantially as herein set forth.

15. The combination of the oil-reservoir, the wiclevase, and the oil and airsupply tubes, as set forth, the reservoirhaving a flue or passage provided with a damper located therein, and the vase having a burner located beneath said reservoir and directly in line with said flue or passage.

16. In combination with a lamp, substantially as described, an enveloping glass case,

A, entirely surrounding the lamp except at the top, and having perforations a, substantially as and for the purpose described.

17. In combination with a lamp, substantially as described, the glass case A, perforated at a, and having at its upper end the metal top H, provided with the hinged cover G, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

18. In combination with the lamp E, the enveloping perforated glass case A and the lid 0, having the damper-opening, P, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

19. In combination with the wick-vase having the overflow pipe, the overflow or catch basin beneath it and wholly covered by the plate over it, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand, this 10th day of April, 1886, in the presence of witnesses.

BERNARD JOS. M. MENGE.

Witnesses:

DUGALD MCKILLOP, ROBERT KIRK. 

